Aleksandr menshikov biography of albert

Mental Anguish. Mental Causation. Mental Cruelty.

Aleksandr menshikov biography of albert: Prince Alexander Danilovich Menshikov was one

Mental Disorders, Treatment of. Mental Health Act. Mental Health and Illness. Mental Health and Mental Illness. Mental Health and Racism. Mental Health Assessment.

Aleksandr menshikov biography of albert: Alexander Danilovich Menshikov was a Russian

Mental Health Association of Tarrant County. From to he served during the CourlandHolstein and Pomeranian campaigns, but then, as governor-general of Ingriawith almost unlimited powers, was entrusted with a leading part in the civil administration. Menshikov understood perfectly the principles on which Peter's reforms were conducted and was the right hand of the tsar in all his gigantic undertakings.

But he abused his powerful position, and his corrupt practices frequently brought him to the verge of ruin. Every time the tsar returned to Russia he received fresh accusations of plunder against "his Serene Highness. Peter's first serious outburst of indignation March was due to the prince's looting in Poland. On his return to Russia inPeter discovered that Menshikov had turned a blind eye to wholesale corruption in his own governor-generalship.

Aleksandr menshikov biography of albert: He rose quickly through

Peter warned him "for the last time" to change his ways. Yet, inhe was implicated in the "Solovey process", in the course of which it was demonstrated that he had defrauded the government ofroubles. He only owed his life on this occasion to a sudden illness. On his recovery Peter's fondness for his friend overcame his sense of justice.

In the last year of Peter's reign new allegations of fraud by Menshikov came to light, and he was obliged to appeal for protection to the empress Catherine. It was chiefly through the efforts of Menshikov and his colleague Tolstoi that, on the death of Peter, inCatherine was raised to the throne. Menshikov was committed to the Petrine system, and he recognised that, if that system were to continue, Catherine was, at that particular time, the only possible candidate.

Her name was a watchword for the progressive faction. Her placement on the throne meant a final victory over ancient prejudices, a vindication of the new ideas of progress, and not least security for Menshikov and his ill-gotten fortune. During Catherine's short reign February — MayMenshikov was practically the absolute ruler of Russia. He promoted himself to the unprecedented rank of Generalissimo[ 6 ] and was the only Russian to bear a princedom title.

Upon finishing the construction of the Menshikov Palace on the Neva Embankment in St Petersburg now assigned to the Hermitage MuseumMenshikov intended to make Oranienbaum a capital of his ephemeral Principality. Pushkin in one of his poems alluded to Menshikov as "half-tsar". On the whole he ruled well, his difficult position serving as some restraint upon his natural inclinations.

Aleksandr menshikov biography of albert: Born in a postal

Whereas in he had controlled 1, serfs, the number surged to 28, in and to over 55, in Menshikov was investigated several times for corruption, and in —4 he was accused of concealing 30, serfs who had either hid from military service or fled from their landowners on Ivan Mazepa 's former estate at Baturyn. Not only did he persuade the empress to drop all investigations against him, he received additional grants of land in Ukraine.

Menshikov rose from humble origins to become the most powerful man in Russia after the tsar. Anecdotes suggest that his father was a pastry cook, although in fact he served as a noncommissioned officer in the Semenovsky guards. Alexander served in Peter's own Preobrazhensky guards, and by the time of the Azov campaigns — he and Peter were inseparable.

Menshikov accompanied Peter on the Grand Embassy — and served with him in the Great Northern War —rising through the ranks to become general field marshal and vice admiral. His military exploits included the battles of Kalisz and Poltavathe sacking of Baturinand campaigns in north Germany in the s. At home he was governor-general of St. Petersburg and president of the College of War.

The upstart Menshikov had to create his own networks, making many enemies among the traditional elite. He acquired a genealogy which traced his ancestry back to the princes of Kievan Rus and a dazzling portfolio of Russian and foreign titles and orders, including Prince of the Holy Roman EmpirePrince of Russia and Izhora, and Knight of the Orders of St.

Andrew and St. Alexander Nevsky. Menshikov had no formal education and was only semi-literate, but this did not prevent him from becoming a role model in Peter's cultural reforms. His St. Petersburg palace had a large library and its own resident orchestra and singers, and he also built a grand palace at Oranienbaum on the Gulf of Finland.