Guo shoujing biography templates

At 20, Guo became a hydraulic engineer and government official.

Guo shoujing biography templates: Guo Shoujing (Chinese: 郭守敬,

He helped fix a bridge over the Dahuoquan River. In the late s, Kublai Khan of the Mongol EmpireYuan dynasty thought hydraulic engineering, irrigation, and water transport would help the country and people. Guo helped build a 30 km canal from Baifu spring in the Shenshan Mountain to Dadu. Guo helped extend it to Dadu — It worked. Kublai Khan was happy, and Guo did similar things for the rest of the empire.

He was promoted to chief advisor of hydraulics, mathematics, and astronomy.

Guo shoujing biography templates: Guo Shoujing was a

He created a human-made Kunming Lake in Beijing. This was one of his most memorable engineering feats. The lake provided water for all areas surrounding Beijing and led to the best grain transport system in the world. He built other reservoirs, thereby allowing people in inner China to access to fresh water for planting, drinking, and trading.

For irrigation, he provided hydraulics systems which distributed water equally and quickly, which allowed communities to trade more effectively, and therefore prosper. Guo invented many astronomy devices: the gnomonthe square table, the armillaand a water powered armillary sphere called the Ling Long Yi. Even when young Guo was revolutionizing old inventions.

His clocks, watches, irrigation, reservoirs, and equilibrium stations were the most accurate of his time, allowing for an extremely accurate recording of time. Kublai Khan noticed Guo was a genius in astronomy. He stated that pi was equal to 3, leading to a complex sequence of equations which came up with an answer more accurate than the answer that would have resulted if he did the same sequence of equations, but instead having pi equal to 3.

As people began to add onto his work, the authenticity of his work was questioned. Some believe that he took Middle Eastern mathematical and theoretical ideas and used them as his own, taking all the credit. Otherwise, Guo was highly regarded throughout history, by many cultures, as a precursor of the Gregorian calendar as well as the man who perfected irrigation techniques in the new millennium.

Many historians regard him as the most prominent Chinese astronomer, engineer, and mathematician of all time. His calendar would be used for the next years, the longest period during which a calendar would be used in Chinese history. See also. Notes This article contains Chinese text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Chinese characters.

Asiapac Editorial. Origins of Chinese Science and Technology.

Guo shoujing biography templates: Guo Shoujing was a prominent

Translated by Yang Liping and Y. Singapore: Asiapac Books Pte. ISBN Engelfriet, Peter M. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill. Ho, Peng Yoke. According to Guo Shoujing, the accuracy of any calendar depended on the accuracy of the observations made by astronomical instruments. He set about to construct seventeen different astronomical instruments. In the Calendar for Fixing the Seasons was finally completed and formally presented to the court.

The khan ordered its formal adoption in the first month in Guo Shoujing died in at the age of eighty-three. In light of his many creative and original contributions, this scholar was regarded as the most outstanding hydrologist and astronomer of the Yuan dynasty and the last of the great traditional mathematicians in Chinese history.

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History News wires white papers and books Guo Shoujing. Guo Shoujing gale. Learn more about citation styles Citation styles Encyclopedia. More From encyclopedia. About this article Guo Shoujing Updated About encyclopedia. Guo Dandan —. Kublai realized the importance of hydraulic engineering, irrigation, and water transport, which he believed could help alleviate uprisings within the empire, and sent Liu Bingzhong and his student Guo to look at these aspects in the area between Dadu now Beijing or Peking and the Yellow River.

To provide Dadu with a new supply of water, Guo had a 30 km channel built to bring water from the Baifu spring in the Shenshan Mountain to Dadu, which required connecting the water supply across different river basins, canals with sluices to control the water level. He became the chief advisor of hydraulics, mathematics, and astronomy for Kublai Khan.

Guo began to construct astronomical observation devices. He has been credited with inventing the gnomon, the square table, the abridged or simplified armilla, and a water powered armillary sphere called the Ling Long Yi. The gnomon is used to measure the angle of the sun, determine the seasons, and is the basis of the sundial, but Guo Shoujing revised this guo shoujing biography templates to become much more accurate and improved the ability to tell time more precisely.

The square table was used to measure the azimuth of celestial bodies by the equal altitude method and could also be used as protractor. The abridged or simplified armilla was used to measure the angle of the sun, as well as the position of any celestial body. The Ling Long Yi is similar to an abridged armilla except larger, more complex, and more accurate.

They built 27 observatories throughout China in order to gain thorough observations for their calculations. InGuo completed the calendar, calculating a year to be InGuo was promoted to director of the Observatory in Beijing and, inhe became the head of the Water Works Bureau. Throughout his life he also did extensive work with spherical trigonometry.

Guo shoujing biography templates: Guo Shoujing. Engineer and director

After Kublai Khan's death, Guo continued to be an advisor to Kublai's successors, working on hydraulics and astronomy. His year of death is variously reported as [ 6 ] or Guo Shoujing was a major influence in the development of science in China. The tools he invented for astronomy allowed him to calculate an accurate length for the year, which allowed Chinese culture to set up a whole new system of exact dates and times, allowing for increasingly accurate recording of history and a sense of continuity throughout the country.

The calendar stabilized the Chinese culture allowing subsequent dynasties to rule more effectively. Through his work in astronomy, he was also able to more accurately establish the location of celestial bodies and the angles of the Sun relative to Earth. He invented a tool which could be used as an astrological compasshelping people find north using the stars instead of magnets.

Within the field of hydraulics, even at a young age, Guo was revolutionizing old inventions. His work on clocks, irrigation, reservoirs, and equilibrium stations within other machines allowed for a more effective or accurate result. The watches he perfected through his work in hydraulics allowed for an extremely accurate reading of the time.

For irrigation, he provided hydraulics systems which distributed water equally and swiftly, which allowed communities to trade more effectively, and therefore prosper.